Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học General Psychiatry cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Primary Prevention of Allergic Diseases: Current Concepts and Mechanisms. | ORIGINAL ARTICLE Primary Prevention of Allergic Diseases Current Concepts and Mechanisms Kerstin Gerhold MD Yasemin Darcan MD and Eckard Hamelmann MD Atopic diseases the new epidemic of the twenty-first century and a central health problem of industrial nations call for the development of innovative primary prevention strategies. The present review provides an overview of current experimental and immunomodulatory procedures and their underlying mechanisms. Key words asthma Th1 Th2-cytokines immunomodulation mouse model As a new epidemic of the 21st century 1 causing growing health problems particularly in industrialized countries atopic diseases such as hay fever bronchial asthma and atopic dermatitis call for the development of innovative primary prevention concepts Figure 1 Table 1 . Pathophysiology of allergic diseases is based on extreme T helper Th 2 immune responses to commonly harmless environmental antigens. The key cytokines interleukin IL -4 and IL-13 induce immunoglobulin Ig class switch in B cells leading to excessive IgE production with subsequent mast cell activation and mediator release and IL-5 contributes to development of eosinophilic inflammation and enhances mucus production of the airway epithelia recently reviewed by Coffmann2 . The reasons for dysregulation and the resulting imbalance in cellular immune responses on allergens are still not certainly identified. Genetic predisposition especially gene-gene interactions 3 seems to be a fundamental factor but does not explain the extensive increase in the incidence and prevalence of atopic diseases within the last 40 years. Numerous environmental triggers might account for this increase such as altered climate conditions with increasing global warming resulting in lengthened pollen seasons and thus increased exposure to environmental allergens or lifestyle factors such as improved Simple Kerstin Gerhold Yasemin Darcan and Eckard Hamelmann Department of Pediatric Pneumology and .
