Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về lâm nghiệp được đăng trên tạp chí lâm nghiệp Original article đề tài: Studies on Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) needle cuticles. | 553s Ann. Sci. For. 1989 46 suppl. 553-556S Forest Tree Physiology E. Dreyer ef al. eds. Elsevier INRA Studies on Scots pine Pinus sylvesưis L. and Norway spruce Picea abies L. Karst. needle cuticles s. Huttunen M. Turunen and J. Reinikainen Department of Botany University of Oulu SF-90570 Oulu Finland Introduction The structure of plant cuticular membranes and their permeability have been studied intensively Holloway 1982 . Becker et al. 1986 studied the water permeability of plant cuticles and suggested that cuticles are primarily mobility barriers as far as water transport is concerned. They also showed that thin cuticles tend to be better and more efficient water barriers than thick cuticles. In dusted leaves a naturally occurring clay significantly increased water loss when deposited onto cuticles of young leaves Eveling and Bataille 1984 . However the direct water gas ion and anion permeabilities of conifer needle cuticles are less known. Recently Lendzian etal. 1986 and Heis-ka and Huttunen 1987 studied enzymatically isolated conifer needle cuticles. Materials and Methods Scots pine and Norway spruce needle cuticles were studied with SEM and TEM. For SEM stu dies needles were covered with gold-palladium 45 nm with sputter equipment Polaron E 5100 and micrographed with a scanning electron microscope Jeol JSM-35 at 15 kV and an exposure of 45 or 90 s. For TEM the needles were prefixed in 2 glutaraldehyde in a M phosphate buffer then washed with the buffer and postfixed in 1 OsO4 in the same buffer. Samples were dehydrated in an alcohol series and then embedded in Ladd s epon. The light microscope was used to evaluate the cuticles and to select areas suitable for electron microscopic evaluations with a Jeol JEM 100 ex II scanning-transmission electron microscope. The enzymatic 4 pectinase cellulase isolation of cuticles was made by a method adapted from Orgell 1955 and Schon-herr and Schmidt 1979 . The method 20 pectinase 2 cellulase developed by .
