Tham khảo tài liệu 'a dictionary of basic japanese grammar – part 10', ngoại ngữ, nhật - pháp - hoa- others phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | yõda 549 o ti tz ìi ộ tỉ It seems that . is was a teacher. sensei no I sensei datta yõda iv Demonstrative X 7 t yõda X 7 ỈỈ It seems so. sono yõda Examples a Tfctt ề ưỉi ậ o 7 tỉ X 7 tỉo Kimura-san wa kinõ o-sake 0 nonda yõda. It seems that Mr. Kimura drank sake yesterday. b Kono mondai wa gakusei ni wa chono muzukashii yõda. This problem seems to be a little difficult for the students. c ftir fé fcX7Ắ o Koko wa mukashi gakkõ datta yõda. It seems that this place used to be a school. d r. o X 7 tzo Kono sake wa mizu no yõda. This sake is like water. k Notes J 1. Yõda expresses the likelihood of . . or the likeness of . . to . . In either case when the speaker uses yỏda his statement is based on firsthand reliable information usually visual information . 2. Yõda can be used in counter-factual situations as in Ex. d . In this case the adverb marude just can be used for emphasis. 1 AHề7 Ẳío Kimura-san wa marude sake o nonda yõda. Mr. Kimura looks as if he had just drunk sake. 2 0 Aox 7 -c-fo Ano hito wa marude nihonjin no yõdesu. That person is just like a Japanese person. 3. Yõda is a na-type adjective and has the prenominal form yõna and the adverbial form yõni. yõnỉ2 Examples lllllllllllllll 550 yõda 3 Kyõ ĩanaka-san no yõna hỉto o mimashita. I saw a man who looked like Mr. Tanaka. 4 X c X Sumisu-san wa nihonjin no yõni nihongo o hanashimasu. Mr. Smith speaks Japanese like a Japanese. 4. The colloquial version of yõda is mitaida which is also a rza-type adjective. The uses of mitaida are exactly the same as those for yõda. The formation rules are as follows 5 V Adj inf mitaida 6 Adj na stem NỊ ứ Ị tzotz J tz tz m da ưa mitaida Related Expressions The conjecture expressions s darõị s rashii and s soda2 convey ideas similar to s yõda. The differences are as follows A s darõ expresses the speaker s conjecture but it is not necessarily based on any information. In other words s darõ can be used when the speaker is merely guessing. b s rashii usually
