Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học General Psychiatry cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: κ The roles of the classical and alternative nuclear factor-κB pathways: potential implications for autoimmunity and rheumatoid arthritis. | Available online http content 10 4 212 Review The roles of the classical and alternative nuclear factor-KB pathways potential implications for autoimmunity and rheumatoid arthritis Keith D Brown Estefania Claudio and Ulrich Siebenlist Immune Activation Section Laboratory of Immune Regulation National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases National Institutes of Health Rockville Pike Bethesda Maryland 20892-1876 UsA Corresponding author Ulrich Siebenlist us3n@ Published 21 August 2008 This article is online at http content 10 4 212 2008 BioMed Central Ltd Arthritis Research Therapy 2008 10 212 doi ar2457 Abstract Nuclear factor-KB NF-kB is an inducible transcription factor controlled by two principal signaling cascades each activated by a set of signal ligands the classical canonical NF-kB activation pathway and the alternative noncanonical pathway. The former pathway proceeds via phosphorylation and degradation of inhibitor of NF-kB IkB and leads most commonly to activation of the heterodimer RelA NF-KB1 p50 . The latter pathway proceeds via phosphorylation and proteolytic processing of NF-kB2 p100 and leads to activation most commonly of the heterodimer RelB NF-KB2 p52 . Both pathways play critical roles at multiple levels of the immune system in both health and disease including the autoimmune inflammatory response. These roles include cell cycle progression cell survival adhesion and inhibition of apoptosis. NF-kB is constitutively activated in many autoimmune diseases including diabetes type 1 systemic lupus erythematosus and rheumatoid arthritis RA . In this review we survey recent developments in the involvement of the classical and alternative pathways of NF-kB activation in autoimmunity focusing particularly on RA. We discuss the involvement of NF-kB in self-reactive T and B lymphocyte development survival and proliferation and the maintenance of chronic inflammation due to cytokines such as
