Kết quả là, nó là khó khăn cho các nhà phát triển để biết những gì để thay đổi trong mô hình cao cấp để sản xuất một sự thay đổi mong muốn trong giao diện người dùng. UIML, trong khi tương tự như trong tự nhiên một số trong những công cụ dựa trên mô hình khác, có một xoắn thiết kế mới mà làm cho nó thú vị từ một nghiên cứu giao diện người dùng và quan điểm phát triển xem. | 226 LUISA MARUCCI FABIO PATERNO AND CARMEN SANTORO 3. Mapping presentation task sets and their transitions onto sets of abstract interaction objects and dialogue a number of rules have been identified in order to perform the mapping between a task and a suitable abstract user interface object. These rules are based on the analysis of the multi-dimensional information associated with tasks - for example the goal the objects manipulated and the frequency of the task. Each dimension functions as a sort of condition during the visit of the tree-like structure of the language describing interactors see Figure in order to select the most suitable one. The transitions between different presentation sets are directly mapped into connections linking the different presentations of the abstract user interface. All of these transformations are supported by our TERESA tool Mori et al. 2003 publicly available at http . . THE LANGUAGE FOR ABSTRACT USER INTERFACES The set of presentation sets obtained in the previous step is the initial input for building the abstract user interface specification. This specification is composed of interactors or Abstract Interaction Objects AIOs associated with the basic tasks. Such interactors are high-level interaction objects that are classified first by type of basic task supported then by type and cardinality of the associated objects and lastly by presentation aspect. Figure shows that an interface is composed of one or more presentations and each presentation is characterised by an aio or an aio_composition and 0 or more connections. There are two main types of objects in the abstract user interface elementary abstract interaction objects aio and complex expressions aio_composition derived from applying the operators to these interaction objects. While the operators describe the static organisation of the user interface in the next section we provide more detail on them Figure . The .
