Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học 'Respiratory Research cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài:"Toll-like receptor-4 mediates cigarette smoke-induced cytokine production by human macrophages. | Respiratory Research BioMed Central Research Open Access Toll-like receptor-4 mediates cigarette smoke-induced cytokine production by human macrophages Khalil Karimi1 2 Hadi Sarir1 Esmaeil Mortaz1 Joost J Smit1 Hossein Hosseini1 Sjef J De Kimpe1 Frans P Nijkamp1 and Gert Folkerts 1 Address Department of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences Utrecht University PO BOX 3508 TB Utrecht The Netherlands and 2Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine Centre for Gene Therapeutics McMaster University 1200 Main St W Hamilton L8N 3Z5 Ontario Canada Email Khalil Karimi - karimik@ Hadi Sarir - Esmaeil Mortaz - Joost J Smit - jetses@ Hossein Hosseini - hossein_41@ Sjef J De Kimpe - sjefdekimpe@ Frans P Nijkamp - Gert Folkerts - Corresponding author Published 19 April 2006 Received 05 September 2005 Respiratory Research 2006 7 66 doi 1465-9921 -7-66 Accepted 19 April 2006 This article is available from http content 7 1 66 2006 Karimi et al licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http licenses by which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background The major risk factor for the development of COPD is cigarette smoking. Smoking causes activation of resident cells and the recruitment of inflammatory cells into the lungs which leads to release of pro-inflammatory cytokines chemotactic factors oxygen radicals and proteases. In the present study evidence is found for a new cellular mechanism that refers to a link between smoking and inflammation in lungs. Methods Employing human monocyte-derived macrophages different techniques including FACS analysis Cytometric Bead .
