Tham khảo tài liệu 'saladin anatomy and physiology the unity of form and function episode 8', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 12. Nervous Tissue I Text Saladin Anatomy Physiology The Unity of Form and Function Third Edition The McGraw-Hill Companies 2003 476 Part Three Integration and Control Chapter Review Review of Key Concepts Chapter 12 Overview of the Nervous System p. 444 1. The nervous and endocrine systems are the body s two main systems of internal communication and physiological coordination. Study of the nervous system or neuroscience includes neurophysiology neuroanatomy and clinical neurology. 2. The nervous system receives information from receptors integrates information and issues commands to effectors. 3. The nervous system is divided into the central nervous system CNS and peripheral nervous system PNS . The PNS has sensory and motor divisions and each of these has somatic and visceral subdivisions. 4. The visceral motor division is also called the autonomic nervous system which has sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions. Nerve Cells Neurons p. 445 1. Neurons have the properties of excitability conductivity and secretion. 2. A neuron has a soma where its nucleus and most other organelles are located usually multiple dendrites that receive signals and conduct them to the soma and one axon nerve fiber that carries nerve signals away from the soma. 3. The axon branches at the distal end into a terminal arborization and each branch ends in a synaptic knob. The synaptic knob contains synaptic vesicles which contain neurotransmitters. 4. Neurons are described as multipolar bipolar or unipolar depending on the number of dendrites present or anaxonic if they have no axon. 5. Neurons move material along the axon by axonal transport which can be fast or slow anterograde away from the soma or retrograde toward the soma . Supportive Cells Neuroglia p. 449 1. Supportive cells called neuroglia greatly outnumber neurons. There are six kinds of neuroglia oligodendrocytes astrocytes ependymal cells and microglia in the CNS and Schwann cells and satellite cells in the PNS. 2. .
