Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Respiratory Research cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: The utility of the new generation of humanized mice to study HIV-1 infection: transmission, prevention, pathogenesis, and treatment. | Berges and Rowan Retrovirology 2011 8 65 http content 8 1 65 RETROVIROLOGY REVIEW Open Access The utility of the new generation of humanized mice to study HIV-1 infection transmission prevention pathogenesis and treatment Bradford K Berges and Mark R Rowan Abstract Substantial improvements have been made in recent years in the ability to engraft human cells and tissues into immunodeficient mice. The use of human hematopoietic stem cells HSCs leads to multi-lineage human hematopoiesis accompanied by production of a variety of human immune cell types. Population of murine primary and secondary lymphoid organs with human cells occurs and long-term engraftment has been achieved. Engrafted cells are capable of producing human innate and adaptive immune responses making these models the most physiologically relevant humanized animal models to date. New models have been successfully infected by a variety of strains of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 HIV-1 accompanied by virus replication in lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs including the gut-associated lymphoid tissue the male and female reproductive tracts and the brain. Multiple forms of virus-induced pathogenesis are present and human T cell and antibody responses to HIV-1 are detected. These humanized mice are susceptible to a high rate of rectal and vaginal transmission of HIV-1 across an intact epithelium indicating the potential to study vaccines and microbicides. Antiviral drugs siRNAs and hematopoietic stem cell gene therapy strategies have all been shown to be effective at reducing viral load and preventing or reversing helper T cell loss in humanized mice indicating that they will serve as an important preclinical model to study new therapeutic modalities. HIV-1 has also been shown to evolve in response to selective pressures in humanized mice thus showing that the model will be useful to study and or predict viral evolution in response to drug or immune pressures. The purpose of this .
