dịc là chuyểntừ ngôn ngữ này sang một nhiệm vụ không hề dễ dàng. Một mức độ nhất định về ý nghĩa mất là một chỉ tiêu do sự khác biệt giữa các ngôn ngữ và văn hóa. Hơn sự chênh lệch tồn tại giữa bất kỳ hai ngôn ngữ, mất ý nghĩa trong bản dịch. Điều này đặc biệt là khi các bản dịch được thực hiện theo các nguyên tắc của thuần dịch thuật, nghĩa là, mục tiêu ngôn ngữ (TL) theo định hướng phương pháp tiếp cận. | It is widely agreed that a certain degree of meaning loss in translation is, as Nida puts it, "inevitable," since "a translator can rarely do complete justice to the total cultural context of the communication, to the emotive features of meaning, and to the behavorial elements [of the source text]" (Nida 1964: 175). This is especially so if the translator uses the target language-oriented approach, which adheres closely to the linguistic and cultural norms of the target language and produce a natural and transparent target text which does not appear as translation, but rather as an original text. In translation between closely related languages and cultures, the loss may be minimal. However, between such distant languages and cultures as Vietnamese and English, the loss, as demonstrated above, can be significant. This is because much of the textual meaning of the Vietnamese texts is expressed through the use of the address and reference terms, which are very different from the English terms. The meanings and implications manipulated through the use of the Vietnamese terms play a crucial role in building an adequate understanding of the text. This is especially so when changes in the characters' feelings and attitudes towards each other or in their relationships are conveyed through changes in address and reference terms.
