Tham khảo tài liệu 'material science_ vol 1 of 2 - us doe (1993) episode 6', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | Properties of Metals DOE-HDBK-1017 1-93 OBJECTIVES ENABLING OBJECTIVES Cont. DESCRIBE the effects on ductility caused by a. Temperature changes b. Irradiation c. Cold working IDENTIFY the reactor plant application for which high ductility is desirable. STATE how heat treatment effects the properties of heat-treated steel and carbon steel. DESCRIBE the adverse effects of welding on metal including types of stress and method s for minimizing stress. STATE the reason that galvanic corrosion is a concern in design and material selection. DESCRIBE hydrogen embrittlement including the two required conditions and the formation process. IDENTIFY why zircaloy-4 is less susceptible to hydrogen embrittlement than zircaloy-2. Rev. 0 Page ix MS-02 OBJECTIVES DOE-HDBK-1017 1-93 Properties of Metals Intentionally Left Blank MS-02 Page x Rev. 0 Properties of Metals DOE-HDBK-1017 1-93 STRESS STRESS Any component no matter how simple or complex has to transmit or sustain a mechanical load of some sort. The load may be one of the following types a load that is applied steadily dead load a load that fluctuates with slow or fast changes in magnitude live load a load that is applied suddenly shock load or a load due to impact in some form. Stress is a form of load that may be applied to a component. Personnel need to be aware how stress may be applied and how it effects the component. EO DEFINE the following terms a. Stress b. Tensile stress c. Compressive stress d. Shear stress e. Compressibility EO DISTINGUISH between the following types of stresses by the direction in which stress is applied. a. Tensile b. Compressive c. Shear Definition of Stress When a metal is subjected to a load force it is distorted or deformed no matter how strong the metal or light the load. If the load is small the distortion will probably disappear when the load is removed. The intensity or degree of distortion is known as strain. If the distortion disappears and .
