Tham khảo tài liệu 'membranes for industrial wastewater recovery episode 9', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 1 82 Membranes for Industrial Wastewater Recovery and Re-use pressure í Pi. lb OsMulic Pressure PSIC HDP HPdti - 146-à PSIG fiueraqe Flux 14-6 cro. Permeate Flow 400-85 GPU Recouery Perrieate Feed Feed r ped Array . Perm reed GI D HG L GPM I1G L PRRSS PSIG 1 1 . 096 5501 2 452 2 .133 5335 2 5 OU 1 0. 3 .111 519 H 2 55 4 .122 5 062 2 626 5 .136 4945 3 713 6 . 153 4833 3 824 1 .092 4547 2 . 09 8 4394 3 .105 425 4 -113 4117 3 9 3 151-7 4 1071 147-9 4 11R7 144-7 5 1325 h Calculated array water quality and hydraulic data ROSA I ilniTec Cost calculation Some RO software packages Koch Hydranautics include a provision for costing which extracts such cost items as capital costs pumping energy demand membrane replacement and chemical dosing automatically from the design file. Pumping energy costs for example relate directly to the system hydraulics. Other specific data such as labour costs anti-scalant and cleaning chemical unit prices amortisation overheads and maintenance must be entered by the user figure illustrates the CostPro software Koch which permits fairly comprehensive costing of the RO design. Care must be taken when using such packages since the cost can be sensitive to assumptions made about such things as membrane life period of capital amortisation and interest rate. On the other hand the CostPro software allows a direct cost comparison of two candidate designs. Cost is also very dependent on the scale of operation. Higher specific costs . cost prices per m5 permeate product result from smaller plants due to the relatively high capital and maintenance costs the latter pertaining to labour. A more useful basis for specific cost may thus be the cost per unit time which is inversely related to the amortisation period and increases with increasing interest rate. Given the sensitivity of costs to maintenance requirements cleaning frequency .
