Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học 'Respiratory Research cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: RNA interference: a multifaceted innate antiviral defense Ajit Kumar. | Retrovirology BioMed Central Commentary RNA interference a multifaceted innate antiviral defense Ajit Kumar Open Access Address Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. George Washington University School of Medicine. 2300 I Street . Washington 20037 USA Email Ajit Kumar - akumar@ Published I February 2008 Received 8 November 2007 Accepted 1 February 2008 Retrovirology 2008 5 17 doi 1 742-4690-5-1 7 This article is available from http content 5 1 17 2008 Kumar licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http licenses by which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract The RNA interference mechanism utilizes short RNA duplexes to either suppress or induce target gene expression. Post-transcriptional regulation mediated by microRNA is an integral component of innate antiviral defense. The magnitude and the efficiency of viral restriction guided by RNA-based defenses as well as the full physiological implication of host-pathogen engagement constitute exciting areas of investigation in the biology of non-coding RNAs. RNA interference RNAi is a highly conserved mechanism for gene silencing in higher eukaryotes 1 . RNAi-based gene silencing utilizes 21-nucleotide duplexes short interfering RNA or siRNA consisting of 19 base pairs with 2 nucleotides overhanging each 3 ends. These are derived from longer double-stranded RNA by sequential cleavage with the RNase III enzymes Drosha and Dicer 2-5 . The microRNAs miRNAs are transcribed as mRNA-like primary miRNA pri-miRNA and then processed by the nuclear enzyme Drosha into shorter stemloop structures pre-miRNAs that are exported from the nucleus to the cytoplasm where they are cleaved by Dicer to yield 21-23 nucleotide long miRNAs containing 5 -phosphate and 3 -hydroxyl termini 2 . .
