BASIC HUMAN ANATOMY - PART 9

12 cặp dây thần kinh gắn liền với bên phải và bên trái của cuống não được gọi là dây thần kinh sọ. Mỗi dây thần kinh sọ được xác định bởi một chữ số La Mã theo thứ tự từ I đến XII và tên một cá nhân. Ví dụ, Vth ("thứ năm") dây thần kinh sọ não được gọi là dây thần kinh sinh ba (N.). TRI = ba GEMINI = như nhau = sinh ba có ba chi nhánh lớn tương tự (2) dây thần kinh cột sống. | 1 Cranial nerves. The 12 pairs of nerves attached to the right and left sides of the brainstem are called cranial nerves. Each cranial nerve is identified by a Roman numeral in order from I to XII and an individual name. For example the Vth fifth cranial nerve is known as the trigeminal nerve N. . TRI three GEMINI alike TRIGEMINAL having three similar major branches 2 Spinal nerves. Attached to the sides of the spinal cord are 31 pairs of spinal nerves. The spinal nerves are named by a The region of the spinal cord with which the nerve is associated. b An Arabic numeral within the region. For example T-5 is the fifth spinal nerve in the thoracic region. 11-15. A TYPICAL SPINAL NERVE In the human body every spinal nerve has essentially the same construction and components. By learning the anatomy of one spinal nerve you can understand the anatomy of all spinal nerves. a. Parts of a Typical Spinal Nerve figure 11-8 . Like a tree a typical spinal nerve has roots a trunk and branches rami . INTERVERTEBRAL FORAMEN RAMI TRUNK ROOTS POSTERIOR DORSAL ROOT ANTERIOR VENTRAL ROOT POSTERIOR ROOT GANGLION PPR POSTERIOR ÌPIkT ÉRVE PRIMARY RAMUS TRUNK APR ANTERIOR PRIMARY RAMUS Figure 11-8. A typical spinal nerve with a cross section of the spinal cord. MD0006 11-16 1 Coming off of the posterior and anterior sides of the spinal cord are the posterior dorsal and anterior ventral roots of the spinal nerve. An enlargement on the posterior root is the posterior root ganglion. A ganglion is a collection of neuron cell bodies together outside the CNS. 2 Laterally the posterior and anterior roots of the spinal nerve join to form the spinal nerve trunk. The spinal nerve trunk of each spinal nerve is located in the appropriate intervertebral foramen of the vertebral column. An intervertebral foramen is a passage formed on either side of the junction between two vertebrae. 3 Where the spinal nerve trunk emerges laterally from the intervertebral foramen the trunk divides into two major .