quá trình phát triển phần mềm. 3. Các mục tiêu được dịch ra một sản phẩm đặc điểm kỹ thuật chính xác, xem các sản phẩm như một hộp đen và xem xét chỉ có giao diện của nó và tương tác với người dùng cuối | Simpo PDF1 M ergé and-Split Unregistered Version - http Figure The software development process. 3. The objectives are translated into a precise product specification viewing the product as a black box and considering only its interfaces and interactions with the end user. This description is called the external specification. The Art of Software Testing - Second Edition Página 91 Simpo PDF1 M ergé and-Split Unregistered Version - http 4. If the product is a system such as an operating system flight-control system database management system or employee personnel system rather than a program compiler payroll program word processor the next process is system design. This step partitions the system into individual programs components or subsystems and defines their interfaces. 5. The structure of the program or programs is designed by specifying the function of each module the hierarchical structure of the modules and the interfaces between modules. 6. A precise specification is developed that defines the interface to and function of each module. 7. Through one or more substeps the module interface specification is translated into the source-code algorithm of each module. Here s another way of looking at these forms of documentation Requirements specify why the program is needed. Objectives specify what the program should do and how well the program should do it. External specifications define the exact representation of the program to users. Documentation associated with the subsequent processes specifies in increasing levels of detail how the program is constructed. Given the premise that the seven steps of the development cycle involve communication comprehension and translation of information and the premise that most software errors stem from breakdowns in information handling there are three complementary approaches to prevent and or detect these errors. First we can introduce more precision into the development process to .
