Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Critical Care giúp cho các bạn có thêm kiến thức về ngành y học đề tài: Drug metabolizing enzyme activities versus genetic variances for drug of clinical pharmacogenomic relevance. | Wu Clinical Proteomics 2011 8 12 http content 8 1 12 CLINICAL PROTEOMICS REVIEW Open Access Drug metabolizing enzyme activities versus genetic variances for drug of clinical pharmacogenomic relevance Alan HB Wu Correspondence wualan@labmed2. Department of Laboratory Medicine University of California San Francisco San Francisco General Hospital 1001 Potrero San Francisco cA 94110 USA 2 BioMed Central Abstract Enzymes are critically important in the transportation metabolism and clearance of most therapeutic drugs used in clinical practice today. Many of these enzymes have significant genetic polymorphisms that affect the enzyme s rate kinetics. Regarding drug metabolism specific polymorphisms to the cytochrome CYP P450 enzyme family are linked to phenotypes that describe reaction rates as ultra intermediate and poor as referenced to extensive metabolizers that are assigned to wildtype individuals. Activity scores is an alternate designation that provides more genotype-to-phenotype resolution. Understanding the relative change in enzyme activities or rate of clearance of specific drugs relative to an individual s genotypes is an important component in the interpretation of pharmacogenomic data for personalized medicine. Currently the most relevant drug metabolizing enzymes are CYP 2D6 CYP 2C9 CYP 2C19 thiopurine methyltransferase TPMT and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase UGT . Each of these enzymes is reactive to a host of different drug substrates. Pharmacogenomic tests that are in routine clinical practice include CYP 2C19 for clopidogrel TPMT for thiopurine drugs and UDP-1A1 for irinotecan. Other tests where there is considerable data but have not been widely implemented includes CYP 2C9 for warfarin CYP 2D6 for tamoxifen and codeine and CYP 2C19 for the proton pump inhibitors. 1. Introduction Pharmacogenomics is an important tool for the personalization of medical therapeutics. The determination of an individual s genotype .
