Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học quốc tế cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Research A generalized physiologically-based toxicokinetic modeling system for chemical mixtures containing metals. | Sasso et al. Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling 2010 7 17 http content 7 1 17 THEORETICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICAL MODELLING RESEARCH Open Access A generalized physiologically-based toxicokinetic modeling system for chemical mixtures containing metals Alan F Sasso1 2 3 Sastry S Isukapalli1 2 3 and Panos G Georgopoulos 1 2 3 Correspondence panosg@ 1 Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute A joint institute of UMDNJ - Robert Wood Johnson Medical School and Rutgers University Piscataway New Jersey uSa Abstract Background Humans are routinely and concurrently exposed to multiple toxic chemicals including various metals and organics often at levels that can cause adverse and potentially synergistic effects. However toxicokinetic modeling studies of exposures to these chemicals are typically performed on a single chemical basis. Furthermore the attributes of available models for individual chemicals are commonly estimated specifically for the compound studied. As a result the available models usually have parameters and even structures that are not consistent or compatible across the range of chemicals of concern. This fact precludes the systematic consideration of synergistic effects and may also lead to inconsistencies in calculations of co-occurring exposures and corresponding risks. There is a need therefore for a consistent modeling framework that would allow the systematic study of cumulative risks from complex mixtures of contaminants. Methods A Generalized Toxicokinetic Modeling system for Mixtures GTMM was developed and evaluated with case studies. The GTMM is physiologically-based and uses a consistent chemical-independent physiological description for integrating widely varying toxicokinetic models. It is modular and can be directly mapped to individual toxicokinetic models while maintaining physiological consistency across different chemicals. Interaction effects of complex mixtures can be directly .
