Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học quốc tế cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Cyanide intoxication as part of smoke inhalation a review on diagnosis and treatment from the emergency perspective | Lawson-Smith et al. Scandinavian Journal of Trauma Resuscitation and Emergency Medicine 2011 19 14 http content 19 1 14 S SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF trauma resuscitation a emergency medicine REVIEW Open Access Cyanide intoxication as part of smoke inhalation -a review on diagnosis and treatment from the emergency perspective Pia Lawson-Smith1 Erik C Jansen2 Ole Hyldegaard1 2 Abstract This paper reviews the current literature on smoke inhalation injuries with special attention to the effects of hydrogen cyanide. It is assumed that cyanide poisoning is still an overlooked diagnosis in fire victims. Treatment against cyanide poisoning in the emergency setting should be given based on the clinical diagnosis only. Oxygen in combination with a recommended antidote should be given immediately the first to reduce cellular hypoxia and the second to eliminate cyanide. A specific antidote is hydroxycobalamin which can be given iv. and has few side effects. The most common occurrence of cyanide poisoning Several reports have shown that persons admitted to hospital due to fire accidents may have been exposed to carbon monoxide CO as well as cyanide CN 1-3 . In fact it has been reported that the most common source of CN poisoning in humans arise from exposure to fires 4 . In fires CN is developed when the temperature reaches 315 C 600 F and is released from the toxic fumes in the gaseous form . hydrogen cyanide HCN which may then be inhaled by the victim 1 . HCN is developed from an incomplete combustion of any material containing nitrogen 5 such as plastic vinyl wool or silk 6 . It is worth noticing that when cotton burns it develops 130 pg HCN g paper 1100 pg HCN g and wool 6300 pg HCN g. One has to be aware that HCN is still produced when the fire is only glowing embers 7 . Symptoms of cyanide poisoning HCN is easily absorbed from all routes of exposure 8 . Since CN is a small lipid soluble molecule and mainly undissociated distribution and penetration of CN .
