Ông đã hoàn thành giáo dục của ông trong y học tại Đại học Utah Đại học Y khoa vào năm 1980. Vị trí hiện tại của ông là giáo sư Y Khoa tại trường Mayo Y khoa Rochester, Minnesota. Packer đã nhận được rất nhiều danh dự, bao gồm cả giải thưởng 1983 Schiff Haskel trong Internal Medicine | Part 1 Encyclopedia Rhythmologica 83 Packer Douglas L. Dr. Packer was born on October 12 1953 in Utah. He completed his education in medicine at the University of Utah College of Medicine in 1980. His present position is Professor in Medicine at the Mayo School of Medicine in Rochester Minnesota. Packer has received numerous honors including the 1983 Haskel Schiff Award in Internal Medicine. He has held many important national and local appointments and has received numerous grants and support for innovative investigations recently for pulmonary vein ablation studies. Packer has been a reviewer for major journals including Circulation Circulation Research The American Journal of Cardiology and Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology PACE. He serves on the editorial boards of Journal of the American College of Cardiology and American Heart Journal and he is Associate Editor of The Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology. He regularly lectures internationally on a variety of topics having to do with cardiac arrhythmias and electrophysiology. Pappone Carlo. Dr. Pappone was born on December 5 1961 in Benevento Italy. His current position is Director Division of Arrhythmology Department of Cardiology Hospital San Raffaele Milan Italy. His fields of expertise cover electrophysiology catheter ablation of cardiac arrhythmias ablation of atrial fibrillation non-fluoroscopic mapping cardiac pacing biventricular pacing and non-excitatory cardiac contractility modulation. Pappone received his MD degree on October 29 1986 from the School of Medicine University of Naples Federico II. in Italy with honors. In the same year he received his medical licensure with honors and in October 1995 received his PhD degree with honors. His thesis was entitled Transcatheter radiofrequency ablation of atrial tachycardia mapping techniques. His academic and research appointments include the position of Associate Professor Interventional Electrophysiology Cardiology Fellowship Program .