và khái niệm cơ bản để xây dựng sau này. Dei ¬ Ning yếu tố hoặc các quy định là: tài nguyên,và đánh giá tương đối tin tưởng nhau trong các tình huống khác nhau, cũng đã được chứng minh trong một thời gian dài. Nó sẽ được cẩu thả không để thử và mô phỏng một số chức năng này. | Examples of Deployed Systems 245 The site collects many papers that describe SUO and SUMO efforts published over the past few years including the core one Towards a Standard Upper Ontology by Niles and Pease 2001 . Comparisons with Cyc and OpenCyc A fairly comprehensive upper-level ontology did in fact already exist when SUMO was started but several factors made it relevant to proceed with a new effort regardless. A critical issue was the desire to have a fully open ontology as a standards candidate. The existing upper-level ontology Cyc developed over 15 years by the company Cycorp was at the time mostly proprietary. Consequently the contents of the ontology had not been subject to extensive peer review. The Cyc ontology billed as the world s largest and most complete general knowledge base and commonsense reasoning engine has nonetheless been used in a wide range of applications. Perhaps as a response to the SUMO effort Cycorp released an open-source version of its ontology under Lesser GPL called OpenCyc . This version can be used as the basis of a wide variety of intelligent applications but it comprises only a smaller part of the original KB. A larger subset known as ResearchCyc is offered as free license for use by qualified parties. The company motivates the mix of proprietary licensed and open versions as a means to resolve contradictory goals an open yet controlled core to discourage divergence in the KB and proprietary components to encourage adoption by business and enterprise wary of the forced full disclosure aspects of open-source licensing. OpenCyc though limited in scope is still considered adequate for implementing for example speech understanding database integration rapid development of an ontology in a vertical area e-mail prioritizing routing automated summary generation and annotating functions However SUMO is an attractive alternative - both as a fully open KB and ontology and as the working paper of an .
