Trong lịch sử, phần lớn các bệnh nhân nhập viện cho các đơn vị chăm sóc đặc biệt (ICU được phát minh đặc biệt là y tế) có suy hô hấp cần thở máy, thường xuyên cùng với các vấn đề về phổi cấp tính và mãn tính. | PREFACE Non-pulmonary Critical Care Managing Multisystem Critical Illness Care of the critically ill patient is truly multisystem management of highly complex patients who typically have numerous acute physiological derangements superimposed upon underlying medical ailments. Historically the majority of patients admitted to intensive care units particularly medical ICUs have respiratory failure requiring mechanical ventilation often along with other acute and chronic pulmonary problems. Much ICU-related research and education has similarly focused on pulmonary issues such as the acute respiratory distress syndrome ARDS pneumonia and mechanical ventilation. Additionally a great majority of intensivists have received training in pulmonary and critical care medicine. Thus it is not surprising that the phrase non-pulmonary critical care has arisen to address many general critical care issues. However this vast body of knowledge might more appropriately be considered multisystem critical care as an inclusive term that encompasses the many important organ system derangements that plague our ICU patients. This issue of Seminars provides scholarly and clinically relevant reviews of major non-pulmonary or gan dysfunction in the ICU setting. Clearly a comprehensive review of the numerous organ system-based medical conditions seen in our ICUs is well beyond the scope of a single issue of Seminars more appropriately filling several thousand pages and hundreds of chapters typical of current major textbooks on critical care medicine. Nevertheless we have identified a crosssection of key topics and have solicited state-of-the-art reviews by highly qualified experts. Starting at the top so to speak Dr. Bleck presents a discussion of neurological complications of critical illness with particular emphasis on metabolic encephalopathies seizures and neuromuscular conditions. Drs. Miller and Ely share their current understanding of the rapidly evolving areas of delirium and cognitive .
