Vai trò của phổi trong tích lũy và chuyển hóa của hợp chất xenobiotic-ý nghĩa độc tính hóa học gây ra. Crit. Rev. Toxicol. 25: 165-205, 1995. Henderson, R. J., và K. J. Nikula. Độc tính đường hô hấp. Giới thiệu về Độc Chất Học Sinh hóa, lần 3, E. Hodgson và RC thông minh, eds. | IN VIVO TESTS 383 is influenced by knowledge of whether a particular dose saturates a physiological process such as excretion or whether it is likely to accumulate in a particular tissue because these factors are likely to become increasingly important the longer a chronic study continues. Behavior. Although the primary emphasis in toxicity testing has long been the estimation of morphologic changes much recent interest has focused on more fundamental evaluations. One such aspect has been the evaluation of chemical effects on behavior. The categories of methods used in behavioral toxicology fall into two principal classes stimulus-oriented behavior and internally generated behavior. The former includes two types of conditioned behavior operant conditioning in which animals are trained to perform a task in order to obtain a reward or to avoid a punishment and classical conditioning in which an animal learns to associate a conditioning stimulus with a reflex action. Stimulus-oriented behavior also involves unconditioned responses in which the animal s response to a particular stimulus is recorded. Internally generated behavior includes observation of animal behavior in response to various experimental situations and includes exploratory behavior circadian activity social behavior and so on. The performance of animals treated with a particular chemical is compared with that of untreated controls as a measure of the effect of the chemical. Many of the variables associated with other types of testing must also be controlled in behavioral tests sex age species environment diet and animal husbandry. Behavior may vary with all of these. Norton describes a series of four tests that may form an appropriate series inasmuch as they represent four different types of behavior the series should therefore reflect different types of nervous system activity. They are as follows 1. Passive avoidance. This test involves the use of a shuttle box in which animals can move between a .
