tâm trí tò mò của bạn trôi dạt đến chủ đề của chất thải. Bao nhiêu tiền được ràng buộc trong tất cả các đồ dùng này? Làm thế nào nhiều tiền có thể được lưu bằng cách xúc tiến các dự án này (cũng như giảm sự bất tiện cho công chúng lái xe | CHAPTER Using and Managing Contingency Part 1 Schedule Contingency A major aspect of managing projects is the balancing of objectives and constraints involving project time resources costs and workscope. These are four key dimensions of any project and for each of these elements there is always the risk of missing defined targets. More often than not there are penalties involved in missing such targets. Some penalties may actually be spelled out in the contract. Others may be more subtle and ambiguous. Some targets may be imposed as a condition of the contract. Others may be implied by a sponsor as a set of objectives. In either case there is a price to pay when the targets are missed. It may be an inexplicit penalty such as a dissatisfied client. Or it may involve a significant fee reduction. A missed schedule target could leave a client without key services or lead you to miss a window of opportunity. The unavailability of key resources when needed could throw a schedule out of joint. Cost overruns or adverse cash flow can turn an otherwise successful project into a financial loss. Any of these could affect the workscope resulting in a reduction in deliverables or a reduction in quality. A well-planned project addresses these issues. A well-planned and managed project will identify potential schedule resource cost and workscope problems and will provide defined contingencies for each risk element. 180 BUILDING IN A TIME CONTINGENCY 181 Quantifying Contingency As part of the risk analysis process we identify risks the probability of the risk and the impact of the risk. As part of the risk mitigation plan we identify actions that can be taken to avoid or minimize risks or the deleterious effects of risks . We also identify alternatives and decision points when to consider implementing the alternatives . In many cases rather than allowing for each individual risk we gather risks into natural groups for which we then provide for a collective contingency. These .
