Trong quá trình thực hiện, mối đe dọa quá trình thiết yếu là phối hợp và thủ tục kiểm soát chứng minh không đầy đủ. Một mối đe dọa phổ biến nhận thức trong giai đoạn thực hiện là việc giới thiệu các thay đổi thiết kế, | 64 An overview of generic risk management processes Chapman 1979 . The SCERT approach provided a detailed understanding of where uncertainty and associated risk was coming from. It allowed modelled responses to be specific to a particular source of uncertainty or general in the sense of dealing with the residual effect of combinations of uncertainty sources after specific responses. To make effective use of the SCERT models in conjunction with a family of simpler PERT generalized PERT decision CPM GERT and SCERT derivatives Chapman and BP International developed an associated SCERT process Chapman 1979 a designed process that was tested and evolved by developing corporate best practice within BP and a range of other organizations in the UK USA and Canada over the following decade Chapman 1992b . Key insights from the design and testing of this process included a recognition of the important role of structured documentation the need for a formal process that integrates qualitative issue-structuring methodologies . Rosenhead 1989 and quantitative modelling methodologies the need for a clear understanding of which sources of uncertainty are best modelled quantitatively and which are best treated as assumed conditions the great value of a formal process in terms of capturing and integrating the knowledge of different people who have different perspectives to bring to the party the great value of a process that indirectly integrates issues that are too complex to model directly like the decision CPM search for optimal activity definitions with respect to time cost and quality in the context of a search for risk efficiency as discussed in Chapter 3 the great value of a process that pursues other objectives as discussed in Chapter 3. The SCERT process had four phases scope structure parameter and manipulation. Each contributed directly to the shape of the SHAMPU process. The SCERT scope phase corresponds to the activity-based planning aspects of the SHAMPU define and .
