Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Wertheim cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: Functional analysis of human and chimpanzee promoters. | Research Open Access Functional analysis of human and chimpanzee promoters Florian Heissig Johannes Krause Jaroslaw Bryk Philipp Khaitovich Wolfgang Enard and Svante Paabo Address Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology Deutscher Platz 6 D-04103 Leipzig Germany. Correspondence Svante Paabo. E-mail paabo@ Published I July 2005 Genome Biology 2005 6 R57 doi 186 gb-2005-6-7-r57 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at http 2005 6 7 R57 Received 10 March 2005 Revised 13 May 2005 Accepted 8 June 2005 2005 Heissig et al. licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http licenses by which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background It has long been argued that changes in gene expression may provide an additional and crucial perspective on the evolutionary differences between humans and chimpanzees. To investigate how often expression differences seen in tissues are caused by sequence differences in the proximal promoters we tested the expression activity in cultured cells of human and chimpanzee promoters from genes that differ in mRNA expression between human and chimpanzee tissues. Results Twelve promoters for which the corresponding gene had been shown to be differentially expressed between humans and chimpanzees in liver or brain were tested. Seven showed a significant difference in activity between the human promoter and the orthologous chimpanzee promoter in at least one of the two cell lines used. However only three of them showed a difference in the same direction as in the tissues. Conclusion Differences in proximal promoter activity are likely to be common between humans and chimpanzees but are not linked in a simple fashion to gene-expression levels in tissues. This suggests
