Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Wertheim cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: The SET -domain protein superfamily: protein lysine methyltransferases. | Review The SET-domain protein superfamily protein lysine methyltransferases Shane C Dillon Xing Zhang Raymond C Trievel and Xiaodong Cheng Addresses Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute Wellcome Trust Genome Campus Hinxton Cambridge CB10 1SA UK. Department of Biochemistry Emory University School of Medicine 1510 Clifton Road Atlanta Georgia 30322 USA. Department of Biological Chemistry University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor MI 48109-0606 USA. Correspondence Shane C Dillon. E-mail scd@ Published 2 August 2005 Genome Biology 2005 6 227 doi gb-2005-6-8-227 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at http 2005 6 8 227 2005 BioMed Central Ltd Abstract The SET-domain protein methyltransferase superfamily includes all but one of the proteins known to methylate histones on lysine. Histone methylation is important in the regulation of chromatin and gene expression. Gene organization and evolutionary history Nucleosomes the main components of chromatin consist of histones and histone proteins have positively charged amino-terminal tails that are exposed on the outside of nucleosomes. These tails are subject to several post-translational covalent modifications including acetylation phosphorylation ubiquitination sumoylation and methylation reviewed in 1 . Methylation been found on a range of lysine residues in various histones K4 using the singleletter amino-acid code for lysine K9 K27 K36 and K79 in histone H3 K20 in histone H4 K59 in the globular domain of histone H4 2 and K26 of histone H1B 3 . Several proteins responsible for the methylation of specific residues have been characterized and all but one of these contains a SET domain they make up the SET-domain protein methyltransferase family Table 1 . The exception to the rule is the DOT1 family members of which methylate K79 in the globular region of histone H3 and which are structurally not related to SET-domain proteins 4-6 . Recent .
