Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học Minireview cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: A hidden reservoir of integrative elements is the major source of recently acquired foreign genes and ORFans in archaeal and bacterial genomes. | Open Access A hidden reservoir of integrative elements is the major source of recently acquired foreign genes and ORFans in archaeal and bacterial genomes Diego Cortez Patrick Forterre and Simonetta Gribaldo Address Institut Pasteur Département de Microbiologie Unité de Biologie Moléculaire du Gène chez les Extrêmophiles Rue du Dr Roux 75 724 PARIS cedex 15 France. Correspondence Patrick Forterre. Email . Simonetta Gribaldo. Email Published 16 June 2009 Genome Biology 2009 10 R65 doi gb-2009- l0-6-r65 The electronic version of this article is the complete one and can be found online at http 2009 l0 6 R65 Received 25 March 2009 Revised 4 June 2009 Accepted l6 June 2009 2009 Cortez et al. licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http licenses by which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background Archaeal and bacterial genomes contain a number of genes of foreign origin that arose from recent horizontal gene transfer but the role of integrative elements IEs such as viruses plasmids and transposable elements in this process has not been extensively quantified. Moreover it is not known whether IEs play an important role in the origin of ORFans open reading frames without matches in current sequence databases whose proportion remains stable despite the growing number of complete sequenced genomes. Results We have performed a large-scale survey of potential recently acquired IEs in 119 archaeal and bacterial genomes. We developed an accurate in silico Markov model-based strategy to identify clusters of genes that show atypical sequence composition clusters of atypical genes or CAGs and are thus likely to be recently integrated foreign elements including IEs. Our method identified a high .
