công việc phổ biến và được trả lương cao đã phong phú hơn. Kết hợp với người da đen vào các phong trào lao động sẽ giúp cả hai lao động của Mỹ và người Mỹ da đen. Cuối cùng, Myrdal đã ủng hộ bằng cách sử dụng chính sách tài khóa để đạt được đầy đủ việc làm, | More free books @ so prevalent and high-paying jobs were more plentiful. Incorporating blacks into the labor movement would help both American labor and black Americans. Finally Myrdal advocated using fiscal policy to achieve full-employment so that blacks migrating to Northern and Western cities could get jobs and become integrated into the post-war industrial economy. Myrdal 1957 later applied the principle of cumulative causation to the study of economic development and used it to explain persistent poverty in South Asia Myrdal 1968 . He contrasted spread effects which create a positive cumulative cycle with backwash effects which create a negative cumulative cycle. Once a region begins to develop economically it will attract capital and labor from other regions. These new resources will assist in the development process. On the other hand persistent poverty normally leads to high fertility rates poor nutrition and low labor productivity all of which contribute to even greater poverty. Following along the lines of his policy recommendations for reducing black poverty in the US Myrdal 1970 stressed the need to end the vicious cycle of poverty and begin a virtuous cycle of growth and development. First and foremost developing nations must spend more money on education. Second efforts had to be concentrated on improving sanitation providing clean water and developing other public amenities. Third income support programs had to address the problem of income inequality and the lack of adequate income received by most citizens in these countries. While most economists have claimed that a trade-off exists between equality and growth see also KUZNETS and PIGOU Myrdal held that there is no such trade-off and that greater equality would lead to more rapid growth. Myrdal 1970 p. 51 argued that inequality leads to slower growth because of the physical and psychological consequences of poverty and because the poor are unable to utilize their talents. .
