Các đặc điểm của hội chứng ngộ độc phổ biến toxicologic A. cholinergic: nước bọt, nhịp tim chậm, đại tiện, chảy nước mắt, nôn, đi tiểu, miosis. B. kháng acetylcholin ngộ độc: Da khô, đỏ bừng mặt, sốt, giữ nước tiểu, giãn đồng tử | 108 Toxicologic Syndromes D. Hemodialysis Indications include ingestion of phenobarbital theophylline chloral hydrate salicylate ethanol lithium ethylene glycol isopropyl alcohol procainamide and methanol or severe metabolic acidosis. E. Hemoperfusion May be more effective than hemodialysis except for bromides heavy metals lithium and ethylene glycol. Hemoperfusion is effective for disopyramide phenytoin barbiturates theophylline. Toxicologic Syndromes I. Characteristics of common toxicologic syndromes A. Cholinergic poisoning Salivation bradycardia defecation lacrimation emesis urination miosis. B. Anticholinergic poisoning Dry skin flushing fever urinary retention mydriasis thirst delirium conduction delays tachycardia ileus. C. Sympathomimetic poisoning Agitation hypertension seizure tachycardia mydriasis vasoconstriction. D. Narcotic poisoning Lethargy hypotension hypoventilation miosis coma ileus. E. Withdrawal syndrome Diarrhea lacrimation mydriasis cramps tachycardia hallucination. F. Salicylate poisoning Fever respiratory alkalosis or mixed acid-base disturbance hyperpnea hypokalemia tinnitus. G. Causes of toxic seizures Amoxapine anticholinergics camphor carbon monoxide cocaine ergotamine isoniazid lead lindane lithium LSD parathion phencyclidine phenothiazines propoxyphene propranolol strychnine theophylline tricyclic antidepressants normeperidine metabolite of meperidine thiocyanate. H. Causes of toxic cardiac arrhythmias Arsenic beta-blockers chloral hydrate chloroquine clonidine calcium channel blockers cocaine cyanide carbon monoxide digitalis ethanol phenol phenothiazine tricyclics. I. Extrapyramidal syndromes Dysphagia dysphonia trismus rigidity torticollis laryngospasm. Acetaminophen Overdose I. Clinical features A. Acute lethal dose 13-25 g. Acetaminophen is partly metabolized to N-acetyl-p-benzoquinonimine which is conjugated by glutathione. Hepatic glutathione stores can be depleted in acetaminophen overdose leading to centrilobular hepatic .
