b-Trong một đợt cấp tính. c-sớm trong quá trình làm giảm sự tiến triển. d-Con-cam kết hen suyễn. e-Nếu bệnh nhân đã được trên steroid. Q9: Về tiên lượng của COPD, sau là đúng sự thật, ngoại trừ: a-Các hướng dẫn tốt nhất cho sự tiến triển của COPD | e- Indicated when the PaO2 is below 9 kPa with any level of PaCo2. Q7 Acute exacerbation of COPD may be presented as one of the followings except a- An increase in the amount sputum production. b- An increase in the purulence of the sputum. c- Simply some patients may present with fluid retention. d- An increase in the chest tightness and wheeze. e- Fever. Q8 Indications for corticosteroids in COPD all of the followings are true except a- A previous response to steroids. b- During an acute exacerbation. c- Early in the course to lessen progression. d- Con-commitment asthma. e- If the patients was already on steroids. Q9 Regarding the prognosis of COPD all of the followings are true except a- The best guide to progression of COPD is the rate of decline in FEV1 over time. b- The prognosis is inversely related to age. c- The prognosis is directly related to post-bronchodilator FEV1. d- Atopy patients have a bad prognosis. e- Pulmonary hypertension in COPD implies a poor prognosis. Q10 Treatment of acute exacerbation of COPD all of the followings are true except a- Prophylactic subcutaneous heparin should be considered. b- If the blood PH is less than and the PaCo2 is rising consider ventilatory support c- If ventilatory support is needed but not indicated because of poor quality of life or significant co-morbidity then doxapram should be considered. d- Diuretics should be avoided. e- When giving O2 it is better to be given at a rate of 2 liters minutes by nasal prongs. Q11 Air plane traveling for a patient with COPD which one is the wrong statement a- There is a risk of expansion of non-functional pulmonary bullae. b- There is a risk of producing excessive abdominal gases. c- There is high risk of dryness of the bronchial secretions. d- All patients with a resting PaO2 of less than 9 kPa on air require supplementary O2. e- Hypercapnia is an absolute contraindication to air plane traveling. Q12 In COPD which one is the wrong statement a- Central cyanosis may bee .
