báo cáo khoa học: "Speciation burst hypothesis : an explanation for the variation in rates of phenotypic evolution"

Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành y học dành cho các bạn tham khảo đề tài: Speciation burst hypothesis : an explanation for the variation in rates of phenotypic evolution | Génét. Sél. Evol. 1986 18 3 351-358 Tribune libre Speciation burst hypothesis an explanation for the variation in rates of phenotypic evolution0 . TSAKAS and . DAVID Department of Genetics Agricultural College of Athens Athens Greece . Laboratoire de Biologie et Génétique évolutives F 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette Summary Phenotypic characters show remarkable variability in evolutionary rates and at times periods of seemingly random rapid acceleration. The speciation burst hypothesis offers a supported explanation of the variability of rates as being primarily the result of the organisms exposure and sensitivity to ultraviolet light and or cosmic rays. Any major disruption increasing the amount of exposure such as a geomagnetic reversal would also increase the evolutionary rate. An association was found between a period of frequent geomagnetic reversals and rapid speciation events observed simultaneously in 2 different categories of organisms with different habitats and pronounced difference in population sizes. Key words Environmental mutagenesis phenotypic evolution geomagnetic reversals. Résumé L hypothese d une speciation par bouffees line explication de la variabỉlité de la vitesse de revolution phénotypíque Les caractères phénotypiques montrent une remarquable variabilité dans leur Vitesse d evolution et une acceleration rapide à certains moments. L hypothese d une speciation par bouffees interprète cette variabilité comme la consequence d une exposition des organismes aux rayonnements ultra-violets et aux rayons cosmiques. Toute perturbation majeure comme par exemple un renversement du champ magnétique terrestre susceptible d accroitre 1 exposition provoquerait une acceleration du taux d evolution. Une association entre une période de changements frequents du champ magnétique et des phénomènes de speciation rapide est décrite dans 2 groupes d organismes qui different à la fois par leurs habitats et leurs effectifs. Mots clés Mutations dues à I .

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