Heinneman giải thưởng, giải thưởng Hội Hóa học Mỹ cho công việc sáng tạo trong Hóa học hữu cơ tổng hợp, giải thưởng Lasker Quỹ nghiên cứu y khoa cơ bản, giải thưởng Padma Vibhushan Tổng thống, huy chương Ellis Island of Honor, Huy chương Khoa học quốc gia, và giải thưởng quốc tế Paul KayserBằng khen năm nghiên cứu võng mạc. | for rhodopsin a protein involved in vision. In 1966 Khorana was elected to the National Academy of Sciences. His many honors and awards include the Merck Award from the Chemical Institute of Canada the Dannie-Heinneman Prize the American Chemical Society Award for Creative Work in Synthetic Organic Chemistry the Lasker Foundation Award for Basic Medical Research the Padma Vibhushan Presidential Award the Ellis Island Medal of Honor the National Medal of Science and the Paul Kayser International Award of Merit in Retina Research. He holds Honorary Degrees for numerous universities including Simon Fraser University Vancouver Canada University of Liverpool England University of Punjab India University of Delhi India Calcutta University India University of Chicago and University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada. See also Genetic regulation of eukaryotic cells Microbial genetics KITASATO ShIBASABURO 1852-1931 Japanese bacteriologist Bacteriologist Shibasaburo Kitasato made several important contributions to the understanding of human disease and how the body fights off infection. He also discovered the bacterium that causes bubonic plague. Born in Kumamoto Japan Kitasato completed his medical studies at the University of Tokyo in 1883. Shortly after he traveled to Berlin to work in the laboratory of Robert Koch. Among his greatest accomplishments Kitasato discovered a way of growing a pure culture of tetanus bacillus using anaerobic methods in 1889. In the following year Kitasato and German microbiologist Emil von Behring reported on the discovery of tetanus and diphtheria antitoxin. They found that animals injected with the microbes that cause tetanus or diphtheria produced substances in their blood called antitoxins which neutralized the toxins produced by the microbes. Furthermore these antitoxins could be injected into healthy animals providing them with immunity to the microbes. This was a major finding in explaining the workings of the immune system. Kitasato
