Tổng quát, các phân tử được gọi là thụ thể. Một khi virus này là ràng buộc, nó có thể được đưa vào máy chủ quá trình endocytosis. Ngăn chặn việc công nhận virus của các thụ thể chủ và ràng buộc của virus là có một chiến lược để ngăn chặn khối u phát triển. | of a gene that is designated pol. The products of the pol gene include reverse transcriptase another enzyme that helps integrate the viral genetic material into the host genome and other enzymes that help process the genetic material and viral proteins so as to permit assembly of new virus. These essential functions have made the pol gene the target of antiviral strategies. The infection process begins with the binding of the virus particles to a specific molecule on the surface of the host cell. Generically such molecules are termed receptors. Once the virus is bound it can be taken into the host by the process of endocytosis. Blocking the viral recognition of the host receptor and binding of the virus is yet another strategy to prevent tumor development. The molecular basis for the transformation of cells by RNA tumor viruses was revealed by a number of scientists including the Nobel laureate Harold Varmus. He and the others demonstrated that the cancer genes oncogenes of the viruses were similar or the same as certain genes with the nucleic acid of the host cell. When a virus infects the host the host gene may become part of a new virus particle following viral replication. Over time the host gene may become altered in subsequent rounds of viral replication. Eventually this altered host gene may end up replacing a normal gene in a new host cell. The altered gene produces a protein that is involved in over-riding the controls on the division process of the host cell. The result is the uncontrolled cell division that is the hallmark of a cancer cell. See also AIDS recent advances in research and treatment Immunodeficiency Viral genetics Rous Peyton 1879-1970 American physician Francis Peyton Rous was a physician-scientist at the Rockefeller Institute for Medical Research later the Rockefeller University for over sixty years. In 1966 Rous won the Nobel Prize for his 1910 discovery that a virus can cause cancer tumors. His other contributions to scientific medicine
