Dễ Databasing Cập nhật Hỗ trợ Thời gian biểu thực hiện tích hợp với hệ thống nhân sự khác Nhu cầu về Tài nguyên CNTT nội bộThực hiện thực hiện yêu cầu của bất kỳ hệ thống lựa chọn mới là phức tạp và sự tích hợp của công nghệ làm cho rằng việc thực hiện phức tạp hơn. | Research-Based Guidelines for Designing Distance Learning 105 this expenditure was estimated to jump to billion an increase in investment of approximately 170 percent in two years Moe Blodget 2000 . With regard to e-learning one type of distance learning organizations reported spending approximately billion on the development and implementation of this training method in 2000. Those expenditures were expected to rise to billion in 2004 The Payoffs of e-Learning 2003 . The popularity of distance learning stems from its convenience. Distance learning allows employees to access training modules on demand from any location around the world. Moreover it has been linked with substantial cost savings. Cisco Systems reported savings of 40 to 60 percent after implementing distance learning methods Gill 2000 Dow Chemical of 34 million Brayton 2001 IBM of 400 million Mullich 2004 and Hewlett-Packard of eleven months of training and million Horton 2000 . These benefits make distance learning an obvious solution to the challenge of training a global workforce in need of continuous skill updating. However despite its advantages research suggests that distance learning is not always more effective than traditional forms of instruction such as classroom instruction Alavi Yoo Vogel 1997 Russell 1999 Webster Hackley 1997 . In fact Gale 2003 suggests that distance learning can be detrimental to organizational development if improperly implemented. One reason for this may be that distance learning programs are not always developed according to standardized experimentally tested procedures but instead are often simply adaptations of other training tools used by the company for example text materials transported into Microsoft PowerPoint and Word and placed on the web Barton 2001 or modifications of training programs offered by distance learning vendors for example Smartforce Learningbyte International Learnframe DigitalThink Inc. see .
