Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành y học dành cho các bạn tham khảo đề tài: The immunoregulatory mechanisms of carcinoma for its survival and development | Journal of Experimental Clinical Cancer Research Du and Wang Journal of Experimental Clinical Cancer Research 2011 30 12 http content 30 1 12 REVIEW Open Access The immunoregulatory mechanisms of carcinoma for its survival and development Caigan Du1 2 3 Yuzhuo Wang1 3 4 Abstract The immune system in patients detects and eliminates tumor cells but tumors still progress persistently. The mechanisms by which tumor cells survive under the pressure of immune surveillance are not fully understood. This review is to present the evidence from clinical studies showing a significant correlation of clinicopathological features of carcinoma with 1 the loss of classical human leukocyte antigen class I 2 the up-regulation of non-classical human leukocyte antigen class I pro-apoptotic Fas ligand and receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cells I and 3 the formation of immunosuppressive microenvironment by up-regulation of transforming growth factor-beta Galectin-1 inhibitory ligand B7s indoleamine 2 3-dioxygenase and arginase as well as by recruitment of tumor-induced myeloid-derived suppressor cells and regulatory T cells. All of these factors may together protect carcinoma cells from the immune-cytotoxicity. Introduction Carcinoma is the most commonly type of cancer transformed from epithelial cells. It has been noted for a while that the immune-mediated spontaneous regression of cancer occurs in patients 1 . Recent clinical studies have demonstrated that anti-carcinoma immunity is activated along with rise and progression of carcinoma indicated by 1 the tumor-infiltrating immune cells TICs including T B and natural killer NK cells are activated 2-4 and the number of these lymphocytes and macrophages positively correlates with cancer-specific survival rate in p atients with various carcinomas 5-7 2 both carcinoma antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes CTLs 8-10 and antibodies 11-13 have been identified in cancer patients and 3 spontaneous regression .
