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Ebook Hybrid imaging in cardiovascular medicine: Part 2

Part 2 book “Hybrid imaging in cardiovascular medicine” has contents: Preclinical evaluation of multimodality probes, multimodality probes for cardiovascular imaging, multimodality image fusion, merging optical with other imaging approaches, concerns with radiation safety, future directions for the development and application of hybrid cardiovascular imaging, and other contents. | PART 2 MULTIMODALITY PROBES FOR HYBRID IMAGING 10 Preclinical evaluation of multimodality probes Yingli Fu and Dara L. Kraitchman 213 11 Multimodality probes for cardiovascular imaging James T. Thackeray and Frank M. Bengel 237 http://taylorandfrancis.com 10 Preclinical evaluation of multimodality probes YINGLI FU and DARA L. KRAITCHMAN 10.1 Introduction 213 10.2 MRI probes 214 10.2.1 Paramagnetic MRI probes 214 10.2.2 Superparamagnetic MRI probes 215 10.2.3 CEST probes 218 10.3 X-ray probes 218 10.4 Radionuclide probes 219 10.5 Ultrasound probes 223 10.6 Optical probes 224 10.7 Reporter gene/probes 225 10.7.1 MRI reporter gene/probe 225 10.7.2 PET/SPECT reporter gene/probe 225 10.7.3 Optical reporter gene probes 227 10.8 Multimodality probes 227 10.9 Summary 229 References 229 10.1  INTRODUCTION Cardiovascular disease remains the number one cause of death in the developed countries. Medical imaging, e.g., magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), x-ray fluoroscopy, computed tomography (CT), ultrasound, positron emission tomography (PET), single photon emission tomography (SPECT), and optical imaging, plays an important role in understanding the mechanism of cardiovascular disease and, in some instances, diagnosing and tracking cardiovascular disease progression. The advances of cardiovascular imaging are mainly driven by the fast development of highly sensitive and specific imaging probes, even at the molecular level, and the imaging systems that provide superior spatial and temporal resolution for these probes in vitro and in vivo. In general, these imaging probes for cardiovascular imaging can be classified into two categories: (1) probes with single imaging detectability and (2) multimodality imaging probes that enable multiple in vivo imaging visualization (e.g., detectable by optical, MRI, and PET simultaneously). Some of these imaging probes may contain a therapeutic component that enables concomitant .