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Báo cáo y học: "The clinical-familial correlates and naturalistic outcome of panic-disorder-agoraphobia with and without lifetime bipolar II comorbidity"

Tuyển tập các báo cáo nghiên cứu về y học được đăng trên tạp chí y học General Psychiatry cung cấp cho các bạn kiến thức về ngành y đề tài: The clinical-familial correlates and naturalistic outcome of panic-disorder-agoraphobia with and without lifetime bipolar II comorbidity. | Annals of General Psychiatry BioMed Central Primary research The clinical-familial correlates and naturalistic outcome of panic-disorder-agoraphobia with and without lifetime bipolar II comorbidity Cristina Toni1 Giulio Perugi 1 2 Franco Frare1 3 Giuseppe Tusini2 Konstantinos N Fountoulakis4 Kareen K Akiskal5 and Hagop S Akiskal5 6 Address institute of Behavior Sciences G. De Lisio Carrara Italy 2Department of Psychiatry Neurobiology Pharmacology and Biotechnologies Psychiatry Section University of Pisa Italy 3Adults Mental Health Unit Pistoia Zone Pistoia Italy 4Third Department of Psychiatry Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece 5French Depressive and Manic-depressive Association Rennes France and international Mood Center University of California at San Diego San Diego CA USA Email Cristina Toni - cristina.toni@virgilio.it Giulio Perugi - gperugi@psico.med.unipi.it Franco Frare - francofrare@tin.it Giuseppe Tusini - celiaduce@tin.it Konstantinos N Fountoulakis - kfount@med.auth.gr Kareen K Akiskal - karenakiskal@yahoo.com Hagop S Akiskal - hakiskal@ucsd.edu Corresponding author Open Access Published 13 November 2008 Received 12 August 2008 a .rr__Ì n-.-L. . AAAO -I.- - J .IA I lom-TAA orov 1 A- Accepted 13 November 2008 Annals of General Psychiatry 2008 7 23 doi l0.ll86 l744-859X-7-23 This article is available from http www.annals-general-psychiatry.com content 7 1 23 2008 Toni et al licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http creativecommons.org licenses by 2.0 which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work is properly cited. Abstract Background Much of the literature on panic disorder PD -bipolar disorder BP cormorbidity concerns BP-I. This literature emphasizes the difficulties encountered in pharmacologic treatment and outcome when such comorbidity is present. The present report explores these issues