Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành y học dành cho các bạn tham khảo đề tài: Genomic insights into early-onset obesity | Choquet and Meyre Genome Medicine 2010 2 36 http content 2 6 36 w Genome Medicine REVIEW L_ Genomic insights into early-onset obesity Hélène Choquet and David Meyre Abstract The biological causes of childhood obesity are complex. Environmental factors such as massive marketing campaigns for food leading to over-nutrition and snacking and the decline in physical activity have undoubtedly contributed to the increased prevalence of overweight and obesity in children but these cannot be considered as the only causes. Susceptibility to obesity is also determined to a great extent by genetic factors. Furthermore molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of gene expression such as epigenetic mechanisms can increase the risk of developing early-onset obesity. There is evidence that early-onset obesity is a heritable disorder and a range of genetic factors have recently been shown to cause monogenic syndromic and polygenic forms of obesity in some cases interacting with environmental exposures. Modifications of the transcriptome can lead to increased adiposity and the gut microbiome has recently been shown to be key to the genesis of obesity. These new genomic discoveries complement previous knowledge on the development of early-onset obesity and provide new perspectives for research on the complex molecular and physiological mechanisms involved in this disease. Personalized preventive strategies and genomic medicine may become possible in the near future. Epidemiology of early-onset obesity Childhood obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century. This global health problem is gradually affecting both developed and developing countries particularly in urban settings. In the United States childhood overweight and childhood obesity are defined as a body mass index BMI Weight in kg Height in m 2 greater than or equal to the 85th and 95th percentile for gender and age respectively 1 . Correspondence .
