Một ước tính khoảng trước cruciate dây chằng (ACL) nước mắt xảy ra hàng năm tại Hoa Kỳ. Tỷ lệ cao nhất là ở những người 15 đến 25 năm tuổi tham gia các môn thể thao pivoting. Với chi phí ước tính cho những thương tích này gần như là một tỷ đô la mỗi năm, khả năng để xác định các yếu tố rủi ro | Perspectives on Modern Orthopaedics Noncontact Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries Risk Factors and Prevention Strategies Letha Y. Griffin MD PhD Julie Agel MA ATC Marjorie J. Albohm MS ATC Elizabeth A. Arendt MD Randall W. Dick MS William E. Garrett MD PhD James G. Garrick MD Timothy E. Hewett PhD Laura Huston MS Mary Lloyd Ireland MD Robert J. Johnson MD W. Benjamin Kibler MD Scott Lephart PhD ATC Jack L. Lewis PhD Thomas N. Lindenfeld MD Beit R. Mandelbaum MD Patricia Marchak ATC Carol C. Teitz MD and Edward M. Wojtys MD Abstract An estimated 80 000 anterior cruciate ligament ACL tears occur annually in the United States. The highest incidence is in individuals 15 to 25 years old who participate in pivoting sports. With an estimated cost for these injuries of almost a billion dollars per year the ability to identify risk factors and develop prevention strategies has widespread health and fiscal importance. Seventy percent of ACL injuries occur in noncontact situations. The risk factors for noncontact ACL injuries fall into four distinct categories environmental anatomic hormonal and biomechanical. Early data on existing neuromuscular training programs suggest that enhancing body control may decrease ACL injuries in women. Further investigation is needed prior to instituting prevention programs related to the other risk factors. J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2000 8 141-150 Daniel and Fritschy also reported that 70 of the injuries were the result of sports participation. Therefore it appears that the vast majority of ACL injuries occur during a 30-year period 15 to 45 years of age a period that encompasses roughly 47 of the population of the United States. During those three decades of life the annual incidence of ACL injuries is one injury for every 1 750 persons. Significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of anterior cruciate ligament ACL injuries were made during the 1970s and 1980s. In the 1990s attention focused on identifying noncontact injury mechanisms in
