Tuyển tập báo cáo các nghiên cứu khoa học quốc tế ngành y học dành cho các bạn tham khảo đề tài: Route of administration for illicit prescription opioids: a comparison of rural and urban drug users | Young et al. Harm Reduction Journal 2010 7 24 http content 7 1 24 HARM REDUCTION JOURNAL BRIEF REPORT Open Access Route of administration for illicit prescription opioids a comparison of rural and urban drug users April M Young1 2 Jennifer R Havens1 Carl G Leukefeld1 Abstract Background Nonmedical prescription opioid use has emerged as a major public health concern in recent years particularly in rural Appalachia. Little is known about the routes of administration ROA involved in nonmedical prescription opioid use among rural and urban drug users. The purpose of this study was to describe rural-urban differences in ROA for nonmedical prescription opioid use. Methods A purposive sample of 212 prescription drug users was recruited from a rural Appalachian county n 101 and a major metropolitan area n 111 in Kentucky. Consenting participants were given an interviewer-administered questionnaire examining sociodemographics psychiatric disorders and self-reported nonmedical use and ROA swallowing snorting injecting for the following prescription drugs buprenorphine fentanyl hydrocodone hydromorphone methadone morphine OxyContin and other oxycodone. Results Among urban participants swallowing was the most common ROA contrasting sharply with substancespecific variation in ROA among rural participants. Among rural participants snorting was the most frequent ROA for hydrocodone methadone OxyContin and oxycodone while injection was most common for hydromorphone and morphine. In age- gender- and race-adjusted analyses rural participants had significantly higher odds of snorting hydrocodone OxyContin and oxycodone than urban participants. Urban participants had significantly higher odds of swallowing hydrocodone and oxycodone than did rural participants. Notably among rural participants 67 of hydromorphone users and 63 of morphine users had injected the drugs. Conclusions Alternative ROA are common among rural drug users. This finding has .
