Dẫn luyện kim bắt đầu vào khoảng 5000 B . C . (Giải quyết và Paterson, 1980). Điều này sử dụng trong thời gian Antiquity phần lớn là kết quả của sự phong phú tương đối của Pb quặng, dễ dàng tinh chỉnh kim loại, và sự dể sai khiến của sản phẩm đã hoàn thành. Dẫn sản xuất trong Đế chế La Mã đã tăng lên tấn mỗi năm, từ chối trong thời Trung cổ, và sau đó đã sống lại trong thế kỷ 19, 1 triệu tấn mỗi năm, với sự khởi đầu của cách mạng công nghiệp. Trong năm 1980, khoảng 3 triệu tấn được. | 3_ Immobilization of Lead by In Situ Formation of Lead Phosphates in Soils Valérie Laperche CONTENTS History of Lead Sources of Lead in Health Hazards of In Situ Treatments of Lead in Contaminated Choice of Phosphate Amendment Treatment Mechanisms of Lead Immobilization by Estimation of Lead Bioavailability Using Chemical Effects of Apatite Amendments on Lead-Contaminated Lead Phosphates in Contaminated Phosphate Amendment to Induce the Formation of Lead Phosphate to Reduce Plant Uptake of Lead. 69 Stability of Pyromorphite in Soils and under Simulated Gastric Conditions. 70 Full-Scale Introduction History of Lead Use Lead metallurgy began at approximately 5000 . Settle and Paterson 1980 . This use during the Antiquity was largely a result of the relative abundance of Pb ores the ease of refining the metal and the malleability of the finished product. Lead production during the Roman Empire rose to 80 000 tons per year declined during medieval times and subsequently rose again during the 19th century to 1 million tons per year with the onset of the industrial revolution. In 1980 about 3 million tons were produced in the world Settle and Paterson 1980 . Since 1970 advances in techniques and materials as well as environmental and health concerns and their inclusion in regulations have led to the decline of Pb use in certain applications . piping for drinking water solder in canning pigment for certain paints 61 2001 by CRC Press LLC 62 Environmental Restoration of Metals-Contaminated Soils additives for gases sheaths for cables and pesticides . For example the use of lead in residential paints was not phased out in the United States until the late 1960s and early 1970s however Pb-based paints are used in .
