Tham khảo tài liệu 'solar cells dye sensitized devices part 17', kỹ thuật - công nghệ, cơ khí - chế tạo máy phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | 472 Solar Cells - Dye-Sensitized Devices thin film technology. These cells utilize less material and they thus drop the production cost however they are less efficient than the bulk cells. Both 1st and 2nd generation cells are based on opaque materials and necessitate front-face illumination and moving supports to follow sun s position. Thus they may be either set up in PV parks or on building roofs. 3rd generation solar cells are based on nanostructured mesoscopic materials and they are made of purely organic or a mixture of organic and inorganic components thus allowing for a vast and inexhaustible choice of materials. Because of their mesoscopic character it is possible to make transparent cells which can be used as photovoltaic windows. Photovoltaic windows can be functioned by front-face light incidence but also by diffuse light and even by back face light incidence. Also because of their mesoscopic nature 3rd generation solar cells are easy to make at ambient conditions not necessitating severe measures of purity thus dropping production cost. Among the different possibilities of 3rd generation solar cells DSSC have the most promising prospect. The overall efficiency of 12 in laboratory and small size cells placed DSSCs as potential inexpensive alternatives to solid state devices. Since the pioneer work of M. Gratzel and co-workers an intense interest to the development of such kind of solar cells has been recorded because of their low cost simple preparation procedures and benign methods of construction compared with conventional methods applied in first and second generation photovoltaic technology O Regan Gratzel 1991 . Although the solar to electrical energy conversion efficiencies recorded for DSSCs are lower than those measured for silicon based solar cells a high potential for improvement in their efficiency stability and commercialization has been announced till nowadays Gratzel 2006 Goldstein et al. 2010 Hinsch et al. 2009 . 2. Principles of .
