Tham khảo tài liệu 'basic recommendations for earthquake protection_13', khoa học tự nhiên, công nghệ môi trường phục vụ nhu cầu học tập, nghiên cứu và làm việc hiệu quả | EARTHQUAKE RISK MODELLING 321 Table Building structure type classification used in the HAZUS earthquake loss estimation methodology FEMA 1999 . Label Building class Subdivisions W1 Wood light frame W2 Wood commercial and industrial S1 Steel moment frame Low mid- and high rise S2 Steel braced frame Low mid- and high rise S3 Steel light frame S4 Steel frame with cast-in-place concrete shear walls Low mid- and high rise S5 Steel frame with unreinforced masonry infill walls Low mid- and high rise C1 Concrete moment frame Low mid- and high rise C2 Concrete shear walls Low mid- and high rise C3 Concrete frame with unreinforced masonry infill walls Low mid- and high rise PC1 Precast concrete tilt-up walls PC2 Precast concrete frames with concrete shear walls Low mid- and high rise RM1 Reinforced-masonry-bearing walls with wood or metal deck diaphragms Low and mid-rise RM2 Reinforced-masonry-bearing walls with precast concrete diaphragms Low mid- and high rise URM Unreinforced-masonry-bearing walls Low and mid-rise MH Mobile homes Low rise 1-3 storeys Mid-rise 4-7 storeys High rise more than eight storeys. reinstatement of the structure or building to the cost of replacing the structure or building . The evaluation of damage in terms of repair cost is unsatisfactory for many purposes though because of its dependence on the economy at that time and place. Repair cost ratio varies because there are different ways of repairing and strengthening and because construction costs vary from place to place and through time - they often rise steeply after an earthquake has occurred. Repair cost ratio is also significantly affected by the type of building and repair cost for serious damage may be more than replacement cost. For these reasons structural damage state is a more reliable measure of damage. If defined with sufficient accuracy structural damage states can be converted into repair costs in any economic situation. Thresholds of structural damage also correlate with other
