Carmago et al. (1992) found that the rivers nearer industrial discharge point have adverse impact to the environment as well as to macrobenthic communities. Toxic contaminants from surface runoff, sewage discharges and industrial discharge have caused negative impacts towards the freshwater macrobenthic communities. The presence of substance chemical such as ammonia, chlorine, cyanide, metals, PCBs, pesticides and phenols would caused a decline pattern on the number of species and changes in the species composition. Furthermore, when industrial discharge and river regulation interact, benthic macroinvertebrates will be highly exposed to the toxic contaminants | current THE JOURNAL OF Marine Education Volume 25 Number 3 2009 special issue featuring - . Regional Fishery Management Councils Providing sound stewardship of our nation s fishery resources 1 12 16 09 8 07 37 AM NATIONAL MARINE EDUCATORS ASSOCIATION . to make known the world of water both fresh and salt THE NATIONAL MARINE EDUCATORS ASSOCIATION brings together those interested in the study and enjoyment of the world of water. Affiliated with the National Science Teachers Association NMEA includes professionals with backgrounds in education science business government museums aquariums and marine research among others. Members receive Current The Journal of Marine Education NMEA News and discounts at annual conferences. Membership information is available from NMEA . Box 1470 Ocean Springs MS 39566-1470 Phone 228 818-8893 Fax 228 818-8894 email or visit our website online at . NMEA OFFICERS President 2009-2010 Adam Frederick Maryland Sea Grant Ext. University of Maryland President Elect 2009-2010 Justine Glynn Gulf of Maine Research Institute Past-President 2009-2010 Eric Simms Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California at San Diego Treasurer 2009-2011 Don Hudson The Chewonki Foundation Secretary 2008-2010 Beth Jewell West Springfield High School NMEA NATIONAL OFFICE Membership Secretary Sharon Walker Department of Coastal Sciences The University of Southern Mississippi . Scott Marine Education Center Administrative Assistant Johnette Bosarge The University of Southern Mississippi Current Editor Lisa M. Tooker NMEA BOARD OF DIRECTORS Susan Haynes 2009-2012 NOAA Office of Ocean Exploration Research Mellie Lewis 2008-2011 Tami Lunsford 2008-2011 Newark High School Michiko Martin 2009-2012 NOAA Office of National Marine Sanctuaries Diana Payne 2007-2010 Connecticut Sea Grant University of Connecticut Sarah Richards 2008-2011 Saint Anne s School E. Howard Rutherford 2007-2010
