There are potential threats to the sustainability of handwash- ing with soap promotion in Peru, including the upcoming turnover of political and technical officials throughout the country (local officials will change in early 2011 and a new president will be elected later in the year). There is also an ongoing high turnover of teachers and, to a lesser extent, of health staff. Moreover, the length of HWI’s implementation period, the strength of political support for HWI, and the potential for private-sector support vary significantly among regions and districts, so the prospects for expansion and sus- tainability also vary. Although many of these.