In 2009 and 2010, the 15th anniversaries of the Cairo and Beijing conferences, respectively, were commemorated. The year 2010 also marks the 10th anniversary of the Millennium Summit, from which emerged the Millennium Development Goals. Encouragingly, with so much attention focused on these landmark events, we have seen no wavering of commitment to the issues they defined. There has been acknowledgement, however, of how much remains to be accomplished if the visions inspired by them are to become actualized. The United Nations, regional organisations, national governments, parliamentarians and civil society organisations around the world continue to strive to implement the Cairo Programme of Action, the Beijing Platform for Action and the Millennium Goals