Chapter 22A - Darwin and natural selection. After studying this chapter, you will know: How Lamarck’s view of the mechanism of evolution differed from Darwin’s; the role of adaptations, variation, time, reproductive success, and heritability in evolution. | Ch. 22 Warm-Up What do you remember about Charles Darwin and his scientific ideas? According to Campbell, what is the definition of “evolution”? Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life Part A: Darwin & Natural Selection What you must know: How Lamarck’s view of the mechanism of evolution differed from Darwin’s. The role of adaptations, variation, time, reproductive success, and heritability in evolution. Descent with Modification Theme: Evolutionary change is based on the interactions between populations & their environment which results in adaptations (inherited characteristics) to increase fitness Evolution = change over time in the genetic composition of a population Historical Process of Science Aristotle: life-forms arranged on scale on increasing complexity (scala naturae) Aristotle 384-322 . Old Testament - Creationism: Earth ~6000 years old; perfect species individually designed by God Natural theology: discovering Creator’s plan by studying nature; to classify nature Linnaeus: founder of taxonomy; binomial nomenclature Domain – Kingdom – Phylum – Class – Order – Family - Genus – Species (Dear King Philip Came Over For Good Spaghetti) Domains = Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya Classification based on anatomy & morphology Carolus Linnaeus 1707-1778 Cuvier: Paleontologist – studied fossils Deeper strata (layers) - very different fossils from current life Opposed idea of evolution Catastrophism – catastrophe destroyed many living species, then repopulated by immigrant species George Cuvier (1769-1832) Hutton / Lyell: Gradualism = geologic change results from slow & gradual, continuous process Uniformitarianism = Earth’s processes same rate in past & present therefore Earth is very old Slow & subtle changes in organisms big change Charles Lyell 1797-1875 James Hutton 1726-1797 Lamarck: Published theory of evolution (1809) Use and Disuse: parts of body used bigger, stronger (eg. giraffe’s neck) Inheritance of Acquired Characteristics: . | Ch. 22 Warm-Up What do you remember about Charles Darwin and his scientific ideas? According to Campbell, what is the definition of “evolution”? Descent with Modification: A Darwinian View of Life Part A: Darwin & Natural Selection What you must know: How Lamarck’s view of the mechanism of evolution differed from Darwin’s. The role of adaptations, variation, time, reproductive success, and heritability in evolution. Descent with Modification Theme: Evolutionary change is based on the interactions between populations & their environment which results in adaptations (inherited characteristics) to increase fitness Evolution = change over time in the genetic composition of a population Historical Process of Science Aristotle: life-forms arranged on scale on increasing complexity (scala naturae) Aristotle 384-322 . Old Testament - Creationism: Earth ~6000 years old; perfect species individually designed by God Natural theology: discovering Creator’s plan by studying nature; to classify
