An operations manager uses job design techniques to structure work to meet the physical and behavioral needs of the employee. Work measurement methods are used to determine the most efficient means of performing a given task, as well as to set reasonable standards for performing it. Work performance standards are important to the workplace so accomplished can be measured and evaluated. Standards permit better planning and costing and provide a basis for compensating the work force and even providing incentives. | Chapter 5 Process Analysis Process Analysis Process Flowcharting Types of Processes Process Performance Metrics OBJECTIVES 2 Process Analysis Terms Process: Is any part of an organization that takes inputs and transforms them into outputs Cycle Time: Is the average successive time between completions of successive units Utilization: Is the ratio of the time that a resource is actually activated relative to the time that it is available for use 4 Process Flowcharting Defined Process flowcharting is the use of a diagram to present the major elements of a process The basic elements can include tasks or operations, flows of materials or customers, decision points, and storage areas or queues It is an ideal methodology by which to begin analyzing a process 4 Flowchart Symbols Tasks or operations Examples: Giving an admission ticket to a customer, installing a engine in a car, etc. Decision Points Examples: How much change should be given to a customer, which wrench should be used, etc. . | Chapter 5 Process Analysis Process Analysis Process Flowcharting Types of Processes Process Performance Metrics OBJECTIVES 2 Process Analysis Terms Process: Is any part of an organization that takes inputs and transforms them into outputs Cycle Time: Is the average successive time between completions of successive units Utilization: Is the ratio of the time that a resource is actually activated relative to the time that it is available for use 4 Process Flowcharting Defined Process flowcharting is the use of a diagram to present the major elements of a process The basic elements can include tasks or operations, flows of materials or customers, decision points, and storage areas or queues It is an ideal methodology by which to begin analyzing a process 4 Flowchart Symbols Tasks or operations Examples: Giving an admission ticket to a customer, installing a engine in a car, etc. Decision Points Examples: How much change should be given to a customer, which wrench should be used, etc. Purpose and Examples 4 Examples: Sheds, lines of people waiting for a service, etc. Examples: Customers moving to a seat, mechanic getting a tool, etc. Storage areas or queues Flows of materials or customers Purpose and Examples Flowchart Symbols 4 Example: Flowchart of Student Going to School Yes No Goof off Go to school today? Walk to class Drive to school 4 Types of Processes Single-stage Process Stage 1 Stage 1 Stage 2 Stage 3 Multi-stage Process 4 Types of Processes (Continued) Stage 1 Stage 2 Buffer Multi-stage Process with Buffer A buffer refers to a storage area between stages where the output of a stage is placed prior to being used in a downstream stage 4 Other Process Terminology Blocking Occurs when the activities in a stage must stop because there is no place to deposit the item just completed If there is no room for an employee to place a unit of work down, the employee will hold on to it not able to continue working on the next unit Starving Occurs when the activities in a
