Bài thuyết trình dành cho sinh viên khối ngành Y - bộ môn X-Quang học tập và tham khảo. | Respiratory Acidosis Done by : Ibrahim Ali Al-Sayegh ID# 2021040084 Supervised by : Dr. Ibrahim Saeed RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS Definition: A Primary increase in arterial PaCO2 leading to decrease in arterial pH . It could be Acute or Chronic Causes : Either : alveolar hypoventilation Or V/P mismatching Alveolar hypoventilation 1-Respiratory Center suppression : Can be suppressed by many factors like : drugs 2-Neuromuscular Junction : Ex : mysthenia gravies 3-Respiratory Muscles: Ex : myopathy 4-Pleural Cavity: Ex : pneumothorax 5-Lung Parenchyma and Airways: Ex: obstructive lung disease ( BA & COPD ) Alveolar hypoventilation V/P mismatching pulmonary embolism Pneumonia Acute respiratory distress syndrome Collapsing of alveoli fibrosis Ventilation Perfusion Mismatching Alveolar Hypoventilation RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS The Value of “A-a” Gradient: Calculation: paCo2 X = X 150 – X = “A” A (alveolar O2) – a (arterial O2) = A-a gradient. Normal A-a Gradient = Up to 15 mmHg. High A-a Gradient Vent Perfusion mismatching. Normal A-a Gradient Alveolar Hypoventilation. ABG finding in repiratory acidosis PH PCO2 HCO3 Acute Decrease d increased normal Chronic o r compensated Normal increased increased Clinical manifestation : Signs and symptoms are related to the degree and duration of respiratory acidosis . Precipitous rise in PCo2 can lead to : Confusion , anexity , psychosis , flapping tremor , seizure . Signs of catecholamines release : diaporesis , increase heart rate and high cardiac output, flushing. Coma in PCo2 > 60 mmHg ( Co2 narcosis) Signs of chronic hypercapnia : Fatigue , lethargy in addition to finding in acute hypercapnia . Treatment : Treatment of repiratory acidosis aimed primarily at : Correction of underlying cause ( COPD,asthma, pulmonary embolism .) And Ensuring adequate ventilation Roles in management : in management of patient with respiratory acidosis >>> we don’t give him 100% oxygen to not suppress the respiratory center . Also , sedatives , narcotics are contraindicated unless we will put the pt. on ventilator . Bicarbonate therapy considered when PH fall below Rapid and complete correction may lead to posthypercapnic alkhalosis > specially in patient with chronic respiratory acidosis . Thank you | Respiratory Acidosis Done by : Ibrahim Ali Al-Sayegh ID# 2021040084 Supervised by : Dr. Ibrahim Saeed RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS Definition: A Primary increase in arterial PaCO2 leading to decrease in arterial pH . It could be Acute or Chronic Causes : Either : alveolar hypoventilation Or V/P mismatching Alveolar hypoventilation 1-Respiratory Center suppression : Can be suppressed by many factors like : drugs 2-Neuromuscular Junction : Ex : mysthenia gravies 3-Respiratory Muscles: Ex : myopathy 4-Pleural Cavity: Ex : pneumothorax 5-Lung Parenchyma and Airways: Ex: obstructive lung disease ( BA & COPD ) Alveolar hypoventilation V/P mismatching pulmonary embolism Pneumonia Acute respiratory distress syndrome Collapsing of alveoli fibrosis Ventilation Perfusion Mismatching Alveolar Hypoventilation RESPIRATORY ACIDOSIS The Value of “A-a” Gradient: Calculation: paCo2 X = X 150 – X = “A” A (alveolar O2) – a (arterial O2) = A-a gradient. Normal A-a Gradient = Up to 15 mmHg. High A-a Gradient .
