Lecture 9 - After studying this chapter you will be able to understand: How computer stores data, text codes, binary arithmetic, boolean algebra, central processing unit (CPU), control unit and ALU, machine cycle, memory. | CSC 101 Introduction to Computing Lecture 9 Dr. Iftikhar Azim Niaz ianiaz@ 1 1 Last Lecture Summary 2 Number System Decimal Binary Octal Hexadecimal Number conversion 2 Bits and Bytes Binary numbers are made of bits Bit represents a switch A byte is 8 bits Byte represents one character 3 Bit and Byte 4 4 Text Codes Converts letters, numbers, special symbols into binary numbers Standard codes necessary for data transfer Same combinations of numbers to represent the same individual pieces of data Four most popular codes EBCDIC ASCII Extended ASCII Unicode 5 5 Insider information Windows XP, Mac OS X and newer flavors of Linux are fully Unicode compatible. EBCDIC Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code 8-bit code to represent 256 symbols Still used in IBM mainframes and mid range computers Rarely used in PCs 6 6 Insider information Windows XP, Mac OS X and newer flavors of Linux are fully Unicode compatible. EDCDIC 7 ASCII American Standard Code for Information Interchange Most popular and widely used character set Used to represent English symbols 7-bit code to represent 128 characters From 0 to 127 33 are non-printing control characters (now mostly obsolete) 95 printable characters including space (invisible graphic character) 8 8 Insider information Windows XP, Mac OS X and newer flavors of Linux are fully Unicode compatible. ASCII Codes 9 ASCII Code 10 Extended ASCII 8-bit code that specifies the characters for values from 128 to 255. First 40 symbols represent pronunciation and special punctuation symbol 128 to 167 Remaining are for graphics and other symbols 11 11 Insider information Windows XP, Mac OS X and newer flavors of Linux are fully Unicode compatible. Extended ASCII Code 12 Letter Conversion to Binary 13 Unicode Unicode Worldwide Character Standard provides up to 4-bytes—32 bits Can represent more than 4 billion characters or symbols 232 = 1,073,741,832 Enough for every unique character and symbol in the world Chinese, Korean and | CSC 101 Introduction to Computing Lecture 9 Dr. Iftikhar Azim Niaz ianiaz@ 1 1 Last Lecture Summary 2 Number System Decimal Binary Octal Hexadecimal Number conversion 2 Bits and Bytes Binary numbers are made of bits Bit represents a switch A byte is 8 bits Byte represents one character 3 Bit and Byte 4 4 Text Codes Converts letters, numbers, special symbols into binary numbers Standard codes necessary for data transfer Same combinations of numbers to represent the same individual pieces of data Four most popular codes EBCDIC ASCII Extended ASCII Unicode 5 5 Insider information Windows XP, Mac OS X and newer flavors of Linux are fully Unicode compatible. EBCDIC Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code 8-bit code to represent 256 symbols Still used in IBM mainframes and mid range computers Rarely used in PCs 6 6 Insider information Windows XP, Mac OS X and newer flavors of Linux are fully Unicode compatible. EDCDIC 7 ASCII American Standard Code for Information .
