In this article, we provide a simple method for growth of bulk single crystalline. By the control temperature along a vertical furnace, we can easily fabricate bulk single crystals. This technique is called the temperature gradient method. To create a temperature gradient along the body of the furnace, the density of resistance wire which is coiled along the body of furnace is different. | VNU Journal of Science: Mathematics – Physics, Vol. 35, No. 1 (2019) 41-46 Original article Temperature Gradient: A Simple Method for Single Crystal Growth Duong Anh Tuan 1,2,*, Nguyen Thi Thanh Huong3, Nguyen Thi Minh Hai3, Pham Anh Tuan3, Dinh Thi My Hao4, Sunglae Cho3 1 Phenikaa Institute for Advanced Study, Phenikaa University, Yen Nghia, Ha Dong, Hanoi, Vietnam Phenikaa Research and Technology Institute, A&A Green Phoenix Group, 167 Hoang Ngan, Hanoi, Vietnam 3 Department of Physics and Energy Harvest-Storage Research Center, University of Ulsan, Ulsan 680-749, Republic of Korea 4 Department of Physics, Quy Nhon University, 170 An Duong Vuong, Quy Nhon, Vietnam 2 Received 22 December 2018 Revised 21 January 2019; Accepted 25 January 2019 Abstract: In this article, we provide a simple method for growth of bulk single crystalline. By the control temperature along a vertical furnace, we can easily fabricate bulk single crystals. This technique is called the temperature gradient method. To create a temperature gradient along the body of the furnace, the density of resistance wire which is coiled along the body of furnace is different. The density increases from the bottom to the top of the furnace. So that, at any time of the growing process, the temperature at the bottom of furnace is the smallest. During could down process, single crystal in the ampoule has been grown up from a seed at the bottom. Using this method, we successfully grew layer structure single crystals such as SnSe, SnSe2, SnS, GaTe, InSe2, GaSe. Xray diffraction and FE-SEM measurements indicated the high quality of single crystals. By changing cooling speed, we can control the number of defects in the single crystals. Keywords: Temperature gradient method, single crystal growth, layer structure materials. 1. Introduction Single crystal usually gives the specific characteristics of materials comparable to polycrystalline and amorphous. It also uses to study the fundamental properties of .
